单烷基取代苯基哌嗪衍生物的合成

单烷基取代苯基哌嗪衍生物是合成苯基哌嗪类化合物的重要中间体。以二乙醇胺为起始原料,在10℃滴加氯化亚砜,室温反应1 h,再于60℃反应5 h,经氯代反应制得β,β′-二氯代二乙胺盐酸盐,然后分别与2-甲基苯胺、4-叔丁基苯胺、4-甲基苯胺在130℃反应50 h,得2-甲基苯基哌嗪盐酸盐、4-叔丁基苯基哌嗪盐酸盐、4-甲基苯基哌嗪盐酸盐3个目标化合物,收率分别为78%、61%、67%。其结构经1HNMR、13CNMR、MS证实与目标化合物的结构一致。     

Estimation in Random Coefficient Autoregressive Models

Abstract. We propose the quasi‐maximum likelihood method to estimate the parameters of an RCA(1) process, i.e. a random coefficient autoregressive time series of order 1. The strong consistency and the asymptotic normality of the estimators are derived under optimal conditions.     

Evaluation of oxidative stability of canola oils by headspace analysis

Lipid oxidation is a major factor affecting flavor quality and shelf life of vegetable oils. Oxidative stability is therefore an important criterion by which oils are judged for usefulness in various food applications. In this study a method based on headspace analysis was developed to evaluate relative oxidative stability of canola oils. The method does not require the use of chemicals, involves minimal sample preparation, and can be performed on a relatively small sample size in comparison with traditional wet chemical methods. Canola oils freshly extracted in the laboratory from different seed samples were subjected to accelerated oxidation and analyzed for PV by standard methods and headspace volatiles by solid phase microextraction/GC-MS. Forward stepwise regression analysis of the data revealed a relationship between PV and headspace concentration of the volatile lipid oxidation products hexanal and trans,trans-2,4-heptadienal. The PV calculated using this formula correlated (R ²=0.73) with those measured by conventional methods. Presented in part at the 96th Annual Meeting of the AOCS, 1–4 May 2005, Salt Lake City, UT.     

Direct evidence for chain orientation in poly(acetylene)

Two conflicting structural models (platelet and fibril) have been proposed in the literature for pristine cis-poly(acetylene). The respective models have separate, distinct implications for the chemical, physical and electrical properties of the material, in particular, the cis-trans isomerization, doping and conduction mechanisms. Luttinger-type cis-poly(acetylene) was prepared and studied in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) by low-dose conventional imaging, in dark-field mode and by electron diffraction. Thin ‘films’ of the material were shown to consist of fibrillar nets, having fibrils of diameter 5–25 nm. Combined electron diffraction and dark-field observations in the TEM indicated the structural arrangement within the fibrils as that having polymer molecular chains aligned parallel to fibril axes.     

Electrical and optical study of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 co-evaporated thin films

Co-evaporation technique from three sources was used to prepare Cu(In, Ga)Se₂ polycrystalline thin films for photovoltaic conversion. Their conductivity was studied in the range 20–300 K. The grain boundary scattering mechanism is mainly responsible for the diffusion process in the latter materials. In the low temperature region, we interpret the data in terms of Mott law and the analysis is very consistent with the variable range hopping. However, thermoionic emission is predominant at high temperatures. When the conductivity deviates from the classical grain boundary conduction models, inhomogeneity is then considered and parameters such as the standard deviation and the mean potential barrier height are derived. Transmittance measurements yielded band gap values of 1.07 and 1.64 eV for CuInSe₂ and CuGaSe₂, respectively.     

异型材定型模优化设计

描述了PVC型材挤出真空定型模冷却排布的一种优化设计方法。这种方法使用下述的最小化标准可以同时确定冷却水道的直径和位置:型材平均温度、型材温度随时间积分的变化、不同型材表面的温度,基于Fletcher Reeves优化运算法则。     

石油勘探开发行业可持续发展战略研究

从可持续发展的基本内涵出发，初步研究了石油勘探开发行业可持续发展的主要特征和指导原则，并提出了石油勘探开发行业可持续发展的若干主要对策。将可持续发展思想和战略逐渐融进石油工业业务活动中去，对我国石油工业的持续稳定发展具有十分重要的意义。     

Studies on high-performance blended/multiblended cements and their durability characteristics

Number of blends were prepared by intergrinding clinker, gypsum, fly ash, calcined clay, microsilica and limestone in laboratory ball mill in varying percentages, and their physical properties such as fineness, consistency, setting time and compressive strength have been determined. The durability tests on selected compositions were also conducted by exposing the mortar cubes separately in 5% Na₂SO₄ and 5% NaCl solutions till the age of 90 and 180 days. The performance was observed by compressive strength development criteria after various length of exposure. Results have been discussed and found that the durability of blended cement is higher than the ordinary Portland cement.     

High resolution XPS characterization of chemical functionalised MWCNTs and SWCNTs

High resolution XPS analysis of chemical functionalised multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) was done with ESCA300 (overall instrument resolution of 0.35 eV). Information to the degree of functionalisation was ascertained by argon ion bombardment of the samples followed by XPS analysis to detect the functional groups, the percentage atomic concentration of various elements present and whether or not the detected functional groups imposed a chemical shift on the CNT atoms. The results show that true chemical functionalisation was achieved and by argon ion bombardment these functional groups can be altered relative to the C 1s carbon atoms of the CNT. The choice of chemicals used for functionalisation, the techniques employed and the types of nanotubes treated are important factors in chemical characterisation. The carbon atom on the nanotube ring to which the functional group (atom) is bonded, the chirality of the CNT, the electronegativity of the functional group, the bond type and whether the CNT is single-wall or multi-wall, or cut (short) could play a role in determining the chemical shift on the CNTs atoms. These investigations are relevant to chemical functionalisation of carbon nanotubes for various applications for example DNA sensors and other biomedical sensors.